4+ hour, 49+ min ago   (111+ words) This is an excerpt from International Relations Theory. Free to download from E-International Relations. The basics of green theory To date IR theory has shown concern with transformations in our political communities but somewhat less concern with transformations in our…...

4+ day, 17+ hour ago   (1701+ words) E-International Relations Who Believes in Gulf Futurism? When the American-Qatari artist Sophia Al-Maria and Kuwaiti composer Fatima Al Qadiri coined the term “Gulf Futurism” more than a decade ago, they employed it in two intertwined but dissonant senses. Gulf Futurism…...

5+ day, 12+ hour ago   (1395+ words) E-International Relations Tunisia at a Crossroads: The Arab Spring’s Lone Flame, Fifteen Years On Walk down Avenue Habib Bourguiba in 2025 and the scene feels familiar, only heavier. Cafés hum, traffic inches, red-and-white flags flutter in the breeze. Yet conversations often…...

1+ week, 4+ day ago   (854+ words) E-International Relations Opinion – Iran's War on Kurdish Opposition: Organised, Not Armed In the early hours of 17 August 2026, two explosive drones struck the private office of Kurdistan Regional Government (KRG) Prime Minister Masrour Barzani and the residence of the head of…...

1+ week, 5+ day ago   (1196+ words) E-International Relations Opinion – The Makkah Joint Defence Agreement: Strategic Ambiguity or Institutional Gap? On 7 August 2026, Saudi Arabia, Pakistan and Türkiye signed the Makkah Joint Defence Agreement. The public joint statement says that an armed attack on one of the three…...

2+ week, 10+ hour ago   (1508+ words) E-International Relations The End of History and the Return to Geopolitics In his 1992 book The End of History and the Last Man, Francis Fukuyama put forward one of the most challenging and enduring hypotheses in the International Relations corpus. As…...

2+ week, 4+ day ago   (1414+ words) E-International Relations Post 12-Day War: The Limits of Israel’s Degradation Strategy Against Iran’s Network State The “12 Day War” between Israel and Iran is the peak of a five-decade long conflict between a military-centric hierarchy of the Israeli state and the…...

2+ week, 4+ day ago   (412+ words) Where do you see the most exciting research or debates happening in your field? How has the way you understand the world changed over time, and what (or who) prompted the most significant shifts in your thinking? The Crooked Timber…...

3+ week, 1+ hour ago   (1308+ words) E-International Relations Alexandra Hofer and Mohammad Kanfash Unilateral sanctions are popular foreign policy tools in the USA and the EU, both actors readily employ them to defend their interests and promote their values abroad, often clothing them in the language…...

3+ week, 1+ day ago   (763+ words) E-International Relations The Trump Administration’s Withdrawal from the JCPOA This case study is an excerpt from McGlinchey, Stephen. 2022. Foundations of International Relations (London: Bloomsbury). The Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action (JCPOA) is an international agreement reached between Iran, the five…...